Pancasila

The Pancasila idea was first described by Sukarno in a speech in June 1945.
Pancasila consists of two Sanskrit words,
"panca" meaning fie, and "sila" meaning principle.
It comprises five inseparable and interrelated principles, as belows :

1. Ketuhanan          (monotheism)
2. Kebangsaan       (nationalism)
3. Kemanusiaan       (humanism or internationalism)
4. Kerakyatan         (representative government or democracy)
5. Keadilan Sosial (social justice)

1. Belief in the one and only God
This principle of Pancasila reaffirms the Indonesian people’s
belief that God does exist.
It also implies that the Indonesian people believe in life after death.
It emphasizes that the pursuit of sacred values will lead the
people to a better life in the hereafter.

2. Just and Civilized Humanity
This principle requires that human beings be treated with due regard to
their dignity as God’s creatures. It emphasizes that the Indonesian
people do not tolerate physical or spiritual oppression of human
beings by their own peple or by any other nation.

3. The Unity of Indonesia
This principle embodies the concept of nationalism,
of love for one’s nation and motherland.
It envisages the need to always foster national unity and integrity.
Pancasila nationalism demands that Indonesians avoid feelings of
superiority on ethnical grounds, for reasons of ancestry and color of the skin.
In 1928 Indonesian youth pedged to have one country,one nation and one
language, while the Indonesian coat of arms enshrines the symbol
of "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" which means "unity in diversity".

4. Democracy Guided by the Inner Wisdom in the
Unanimity Arising Out of Deliberations Amongst Representatives
Pancasila democracy calls for decision-making through deliberations,
or "musyawarah", to reach a consensus, or "mufakat".
It is democracy that lives up to the princples of Pancasila.
This implies that democratic right must always be exercised with
a deep sense of responsibility to God Almighty according to
one’s own convictin and religious belief, with respect for humanitarian
values of man’s dignity and integrity, and with a view to preserving and
strengthening national unity and the pursuit of social justice.

5. Social Justice for the Whole of the People of Indonesia
This principle calls for the equitable spread of welfare to the entire
population, not in a static but in a dynamic and progressive way.
This means that all the country’s natural resources and the
national potentials should be utilized for the greatest possible
good and happiness of the people.
Social justice implies protection of the weak.
But protection should not deny them work.
On the contrary, they should work according to their
abilities and fields of activity. Protection should prevent willful
treatment by the strong and ensure the rule of justice.