Paragliding safety compared to gliding
by Roelof Schierbeek - 1998

This a personal story on paragliding safety, by an experienced glider pilot who started paragliding a few years ago. I wrote this story because from what I observed the relatively new paragliding sport can be a safe and fun sport, but potentially it's also a high-risk sport comparable to parachute-jumping or alpine climbing.

Paragliding pilots should be more safety conscious than glider pilots, since they are more limited than glider pilots. Just take a look at some of the speed figures in the table below - even birds can fly in stronger wind than paragliders. Birds and gliders have another advantage over paragliders: their wings are a lot stronger. A paraglider wing is just inflated air, and that is why the flying vocabulary has been extended with the expressions "tuck, "collapse" and "frontal collapse" by the paragliding sport.

Statistics show that paragliding accidents are more frequent than hanggliding and soaring accidents. A Swiss report showed that paragliders had just as many accidents as alpine skiers - but the seriousness of their injuries was worse. I believe that improved training and more literature on flying safety can improve safety consciousness of paragliders. So far I never had a serious accident, though I have made some big mistakes. Friends of mine had more serious accidents though. I hope new pilots will avoid situations beyond their ability and experience. A pilots judgement on weather, ability, equipment and situation is the difference between a safe flight and trouble.

On the beach in Oludeniz.

Paragliding is about the freedom and the exhilaration of free flight. Flying however is only natural to birds - most humans need time and training to understand it.

 

 

  Glossary


Links and information on the web

 

Some figures for gliding and paragliding.

This is not to show that "faster = better" but rather to show the limitations of a paraglider and why a paraglider pilot should pay more attention to wind and weather. The Glide angle (distance: height loss) is also referred to as lift to drag ratio, L/D. The typical Glide angle of a paraglider is 7:1, this means after you've lost 1 km in height you probably have flown a distance of 7 km. A glider can fly a distance of about 30 to 50 kilometer or more for the same height loss of 1 km; obviously all depending on wind speed, sink and lift encountered during the flight.

Now imagine a paraglider flying at trim speed (30 km/hour) against a head-wind of 20 km/hour. His actual speed over ground is reduced to 10km/hr. His relative glide angle of 7:1 will effectively be decreased to about 2:1 as he's pushed back by the wind.
A glider flying at an average speed of 100km/hour against the same head-wind of 20 km/hr will have a speed over ground of 80km. His effective glide angle decreases only 20%; from 30:1 to 24:1.

That's why gliders are much less bothered by wind - it's quite common for a gliderpilot to speed up to 150 km/hours if he encounters headwind or sink. If you then fly towards a large cloud which you may want to slow down to 80 km/hour and have a good look - somewhere there will be some lift.

  Paraglider Older gliders
( Wood, 1950-70 )
Modern glider
( Glass-fiber)
Glide angle = distance: height loss 7:1 from 27:1 (K8) to 31:1 (K6) from 30:1 to 50:1
Stall speed (km/hr) 19 52 60-70
Trim speed (km/hr) 30 70 80
Maximum speed (km/hr) 55 (speed system) 190 250

 

Wave in the south of France

As i looked over my right wing i noticed a few disk-like objects...

 

For more statistics and some interesting Youtube clips just google for "Paraglider collapse" or "parapent collapse".

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